Pediatric Exposure and Potential Toxicity of Phthalate
They are produced in high volume and generate extensive though poorly defined human exposures and unique childhood exposures. Phthalates are animal carcinogens and can cause fetal death, malformations, and reproductive toxicity in laboratory animals. Toxicity profiles and potency vary by specific phthalate.
Pediatric exposure and potential toxicity of phthalate
Phthalates are plasticizers that are added to polyvinyl chloride (PVC) products to impart flexibility and durability. They are produced in high volume and generate extensive though poorly defined human exposures and unique childhood exposures.
Pediatric exposure and potential toxicity of phthalate
This report addresses sensitive endpoints of reproductive and developmental toxicity and the unique aspects of pediatric exposures to phthalates that generate concern. Phthalates are plasticizers that are added to polyvinyl chloride (PVC) products to impart flexibility and durability.
Phthalate exposure and children's health - PubMed
Summary: Several epidemiological studies suggest fetal and childhood exposure to some phthalates may perturb normal development, with several studies consistently reporting increased risk of allergic diseases with DEHP and BBzP exposure.
Pediatric Exposure and Potential Toxicity of Phthalate
Background: Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) may produce toxicity, posing a risk to human health. Medical devices composed of DEHP are frequently used in catheterization, but few studies have
- How do children get exposure to phthalate?
- In the case of children, exposure through diet was the dominant pathway explaining more than 40% of total exposure to DEHP, followed by the use of childcare products (>20%) and toys (>10%). Kim et al. analyzed phthalate metabolites in the urine of elementary school children of Korea [ 41 ].
- Are there phthalate plasticizers in children's products?
- In recent decades, phthalate plasticizers in children’s products such as toys, teethers, and backpacks were analyzed in numerous studies [ 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18 ]. They were found in various polymeric parts of a product, especially polyvinyl chloride (PVC).
- Are plasticizers toxic to humans?
- Human exposure to plasticizers is a matter of concern because certain plasticizers are known to be neurotoxic, carcinogenic and endocrine disruptors [37, 38]. Animal and human data clearly suggest that children are more vulnerable to toxins than adults in general, and to DEHP and its metabolites in particular [2, 3, 5, 6].
- Which phthalate plasticizers are most common?
- Nevertheless, DEHP and DINP are the two most predominant phthalate plasticizers. The concentration of DEHP is the highest in most products in all categories. DBP and DEP were found steadily in children’s products, although the detection frequency is low and the amount in products was minor.
- How many phthalate plasticizers are in PVC toys?
- Of the analyzed products, some had two or more phthalate plasticizers, but most products had one phthalate plasticizer. In the early 2000s, diisononyl phthalate (DINP) was the predominant phthalate plasticizer in PVC toys, of which concentration was up to 44%, and di (2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP) was the second-most dominant [ 12, 13 ].
- Are phthalates a neurotoxicity?
- Exposure to phthalates, used as plasticizers and solvents in consumer products, is ubiquitous. Despite growing concerns regarding their neurotoxicity, brain differences associated with gestational exposure to phthalates are understudied. We included 775 mother-child pairs from Generation R, a popula …
