Plasticizers: Synthesis of phthalate esters via FeCl3
Phthalic anhydride is primarily used as a precursor to produce phthalates (esters of phthalic acid), which have an immense important value as plasticizers, and used in large quantities in plastic (polyvinyl chloride) and rubber [1], [2].
Diverging trends of plasticizers (phthalates and non-phthalates)
HMW phthalates increased from 19% of the ∑plasticizer concentration to 46% between the mid-2000s and the late 2010s in house dust, and from 50% to 63% in SPM samples. Diisononyl phthalate (DINP) replaced DEHP as the dominant plasticizer in both compartments.
Nonphthalate Plasticizers in House Dust from Multiple Countries: An
Along with the restrictions of phthalate esters (PAEs), a variety of nonphthalate plasticizers (NPPs) have been increasingly used for industrial needs. Knowledge remains limited on the environmental occurrences, fate, and human exposure risks of many emerging NPPs. In this study, we investigated a suite of 45 NPPs along with the major PAEs in house dust from five regions in the Asia-Pacific
Plasticizers - Chemical Economics Handbook (CEH) | S&P Global - IHS Markit
The following pie chart shows world consumption of plasticizers: Phthalates accounted for over 55% of world consumption of plasticizers in 2025, down from approximately 60–65% a few years ago; they are forecast to account for 50–55% of world consumption in the coming years. The decrease in market share has largely been due to the following:
Effect of the microwave heating on the stability of phthalate
In general, studied plasticizers appeared to be more stable in 10%v/v ethanol, then in distilled water., The 3%w/v acetic acid allowed good stability for the lower molecular weight...
