Plasticizers: Types, Uses, Classification, Selection & Regulation
Plasticizers increase the flow and thermoplasticity of a polymer by decreasing the viscosity of the polymer melt, the glass transition temperature (Tg), the melting temperature (Tm) and the elastic modulus of the finished product without altering the fundamental chemical character of the plasticized material.
Plasticizer
The molecules of plasticizer take control over mobility of the chain - a polymer chain does not show an increase of the free volume around polymer ends. If plasticizer/water creates hydrogen bonds with hydrophilic parts of the polymer, the associated free volume can be decreased. [clarification needed] [6]
Plasticizer Selection for Elastomers - Chemceed
Both monomeric and polymeric ester plasticizers are compatible with AEM. DOS and DOP can be used to impart low-temperature flexibility, but can only be used in temperatures up to 125°C. Polymeric plasticizers are recommended for better permanence and higher continuous use temperature applications.
A targeted review of bio-derived plasticizers with flame
Earlier work had shown that within a given series of ester plasticizers (between 40 and 70 PHR concentration) having a common acid group, plasticizer efficiency in PVC rises as the molecular weight of the plasticizer decreases and linearity of the alcohol chain increases . Clearly, chemical architecture dictated plasticizing efficiency of the
Plasticizers - ScienceDirect
As the system is heated and mixed, the plasticizer molecules diffuse into the polymer and weaken the polymer–polymer interactions. Portions of the plasticizer molecule are strongly attracted to the polymer while other parts of the plasticizer molecule can shield the polymer chain and act as a lubricant.
- What is an ester plasticizer?
- An ester plasticizer, in its simplest concept, is a high-boiling organic solvent that when added to an elastomeric polymer reduces stiffness and permits easier processing.1 For general performance applications, compounders require moderate performance in several areas without particular emphasis on any one.
- Are elastomers a plasticizer?
- Common esters and polymeric polyesters are both external and physical plasticizers. Physical plasticizers may have some weak attraction to the polymer, such as through hydrogen bonding or Van der Waals forces, but, as with external plasticizers, they do not chemically react with the elastomer.
- Are polymeric polyesters a monomeric ester?
- Polymeric polyesters are subject to the same trends as monomeric esters as relates to structure, polarity and molecular weight. Generally, viscosity is referenced in place of molecular weight of polymeric plasticizers. The higher the viscosity, the greater the permanence.
- Are plasticizers suitable for elastomers and high-temperature polymers?
- Plasticizers commonly used for the traditional and the high-temperature polymers are extractable, incompatible or too volatile. This paper provides information on plasticizers that are designed for traditional elastomers and high-performance polymers.
- Are plasticizers compatible with polymers?
- To achieve a high degree of plasticizer compatibility, it is generally necessary that the plasticizer and polymer have approximately the same polarity. Previously, plasticizers were described as solvents of moderately high molecular weight and low volatility.
- Can polymeric esters enhance a high-performance elastomer?
- One example of how polymeric esters can enhance a high-performance elastomer is depicted in Figure 3. High-saturated nitrile is used in many high-heat applications. The use of 8-10 trimellitate is well documented as the plasticizer of choice for HNBR.
