Plasticizers: Synthesis of phthalate esters via FeCl3
Further optimization of the reaction allowed us to isolate diisopentyl phthalate (4c) in 82% by using 5 mol equiv of the alcohol 2c (i.e. 100 mmol) at 100 °C reaction temperature (entry 4). Similarly, dibutyl phthalate (4d), which is extensively used as a plasticizer, also can be produced by using n-butanol (2d) (entries 5 and 6
Plasticizers - Chemical Economics Handbook (CEH) | S&P Global
Phthalates accounted for over 55% of world consumption of plasticizers in 2025, down from approximately 60–65% a few years ago; they are forecast to account for 50–55% of world consumption in the coming years. The decrease in market share has largely been due to the following:
High frequency discharge plasma induced plasticizer
Plasticizers are widely present in water and soil environment, and they can bring enormous threats to environmental safety and human health. A discharge plasma system driven by a high-frequency electric source was used to remove the plasticizer from wastewater; and dimethyl phthalate (DMP) was chosen as the representative of plasticizer.
Phthalates in Food Packaging and Food Contact Applications
The FDA revoked authorizations for the food contact use of 23 phthalates and two other substances used as plasticizers, adhesives, defoaming agents, lubricants, resins, and slimicides.
Databook of Plasticizers - 2nd Edition
Over 100 different data fields are provided, from general information, such as molecular structure and formula, to physical properties, health and safety information, ecological properties, and recommendations regarding appropriate use and performance of each plasticizer.
- Can glow discharge plasma degrade phthalates?
- Previous studies reported that phthalates could be degraded by glow discharge plasma and non-thermal air plasma, respectively (Shen et al., 2016; Qi et al., 2019). These studies were mainly focused on the decrease in the concentration of phthalates, but little was conducted on the residual toxicity of byproducts.
- How to control phthalate pollution in the water environment?
- It is necessary to develop some methods to control phthalate pollution in the water environment. Recently, non-thermal discharge plasma technique, an advanced oxidation process, has received extensive interest in the removal of contaminants (Wang et al., 2018a; Jiang et al., 2019; Wang et al., 2016a; Liu et al., 2013 ).
- Who are the authors of high-frequency plasma discharge application in antibacterial activity?
- M.W. Ahmed, S. Choi, K. Lyakhov, U. Shaislamov, R.K. Mongre, D.K. Jeong, R. Suresh, H.J. Lee High-frequency underwater plasma discharge application in antibacterial activity
