AN336: Accelerated Solvent Extraction of Plasticizers from Polyvinyl
Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) polymers are typically composed of resins, stabilizers, pigments, and plasticizers. Plasticizers, 30–35% of the formulation, are used to soften the polymer, increase manufacturability, and provide form and function. Extraction and determination of plasticizers in PVC material are critical steps in evaluating a polymer for an intended use. This Application Note
Accelerated Solvent Extraction of Plasticizers from Polyvinyl Chloride
Accelerated Solvent Extraction of Plasticizers from Polyvinyl Chloride Polymer Subject: Application Note 336. Accelerated solvent extraction is a powerful technique that can be reliably used to extract plasticizers from PVC, as well as additives from other polymers.
Accelerated Solvent Extraction for Additivies in Polymer Materials
The accelerated solvent extraction technique improves the extraction efficiency of plasticizers from polymers by using elevated temperature and pressure. Many of the organic solvents used in these extractions boil at relatively low temperatures at atmospheric pressure (e.g., acetone boils at 56 °C).
Methods for determination of plasticizer migration from polyvinyl
In general, plasticizer migration from PVC synthetic materials can proceed via three different mechanisms, namely volatilization, exudation or extraction, depending on the environment where the PVC coatings are located.
A simple solvent selection method for accelerated solvent extraction
The five lone solvents used in the fibre spinning of this investigation demonstrated good solubility for PCL at 15% (w/v), except for Dmf which required heating at 60 C for complete dissolution...
- How are PVC samples extracted?
- PVC samples were extracted using a 6-h Soxhlet extraction method (ASTM D 2124) and the accelerated solvent extraction method described above. Both methods used petroleum ether as the extraction solvent. Each extract was thoroughly dried, reconstituted using methy-lene chloride, and analyzed using the GC method described above.
- How are plasticizers extracted from PVC?
- Plasticizers may account for 30–35% of the PVC formulation. Extraction and determination of plasticizers in PVC material are critical steps in evaluating a polymer for an intended use. Traditionally, plasticizers are extracted from PVC using a 6-h Soxhlet method and identified using infrared spectrometry or gas chromatography.
- What is accelerated solvent extraction?
- Accelerated solvent extraction is recognized as an oficial extraction method in U.S. EPA Method 3545. This Application Note outlines the basic principles of using accelerated solvent extraction to extract plasticizers such as dioctyl adipate (DOA), trioctyl phosphate (TOP), dioctyl phthalate (DOP), and trioctyl trimellitate (TOTM) from PVC.
- What is a plasticizer in PVC?
- Plasticizers soften the polymer, aid in the manufacturing process, and provide form and function to various PVC materials. Plasticizers may account for 30–35% of the PVC formulation. Extraction and determination of plasticizers in PVC material are critical steps in evaluating a polymer for an intended use.
- How do you extract cellulose from PVC?
- Grind the polymer sample to a size of 10 mesh or finer using a liquid-nitrogen-cooled grinder. For this work a SPEX CertiPrep 6750 freezer/mill was used. Accurately weigh approximately 0.5–1.0 g of the ground PVC sample into a cellulose extraction thimble and place the thimble into an extraction cell. Place a cell cap on the outlet end of the cell
- How do you dissolve a polymer?
- Use a main solvent (e.g., IPA) that can dissolve the additives but not the polymer. Add to the main solvent a small amount of another solvent (e.g., cyclohexane) that will cause the polymer to swell. Disperse the ground polymer sample with sand to prevent the particles from agglomerating.
