A DOPO-based phosphorus-nitrogen flame retardant bio-based
A DOPO-based phosphorus-nitrogen flame retardant bio-based epoxy resin from diphenolic acid: Synthesis, flame-retardant behavior and mechanism - ScienceDirect Polymer Degradation and Stability Volume 176, June 2025, 109151
Exolit RP red phosphorus-based flame retardants – Clariant
Our Exolit RP line of flame retardantssafer fire safety based on red phosphorus. Red phosphorus makes matches ignite – and, due to the pure elemental activity obtained, is also one of most powerful flame retardants known. We offer this powerful non-halogenated additive in various stabilized, safe-to-handle forms that can provide potent fire
An overview of some recent advances in DOPO-derivatives
These DOPO-derivatives are used as flame retardants mainly in epoxy resins [3], [5], [11], [12], [13], [15], for applications in adhesives, composites, printed wiring boards and others [17]. As some halogenated flame retardants have been found to be toxic, the research on halogen-free flame retardants is gaining more and more importance [18].
Flame Retardant - Struktol
Struktol Polyphlox Flame retardants are reactive, phosphorous organic substances and are toxologically harmless, even in case of fire. Well known and established flame retardants for epoxies like tetrabromobisphenol A, antimony trioxide together with TBBA, aluminium and magnesium hydroxide, ammonia polyphosphate and melamine derivates are either questionable because of toxicological and
Performance comparison of epoxy resins modified with
By curing the reaction mixture of diphenylphosphine oxide (DPO) and diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A with 4,4′-diaminodiphenylsulfone, flame-retardant epoxy resins (EP/DPO) were prepared. Flame-retardant epoxy resins modified with 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide (DOPO) were similarly prepared (denoted as EP/DOPO). The
- Is Dopo a flame retardant?
- DOPO contains a reactive hydrogen bond which reacts easily with epoxy resins, aldehydes, acrylates, activated double bonds of benzoquinone, making it either a good flame retardant additive precursor or an integrative flame retardant . Hence, hydrogen phosphinates or phosphonates may be attached directly to an epoxy resin.
- What are reactive Dopo based flame retardants for epoxy resins?
- This review focuses on recent advances in reactive DOPO–based flame retardants for epoxy resins, including reactive monomers, curing agents and hybrid structures. There are also highlighted fire retardant mechanisms of the DOPO derivatives and thermal and mechanical features of the epoxy systems.
- Are epoxy resins flammable?
- Unfortunately, epoxy resins have the disadvantage of being highly flammable and thus require suitable modifications with reactive or non-reactive flame retardant additives. Recent literature have shown that the derivatives 9,10–dihydro–9–oxa–10–phosphaphenanthrene–10–oxide (DOPO) are the most researched flame retardants for epoxy resins.
- How to reduce flame toxicity of epoxy resins?
- Of all modifications to render epoxy resins flame retardant , , , , organophosphorus ones proved the most effective in reducing the number and toxicity of the gases resulted during combustion, however lowering their Tg.
- Are phosphorus compounds a flame retardant?
- Although they are excellent flame retardants, the use of reactive DOPO–based phosphorus compounds are known to sacrifice mechanical properties and lower the glass transition temperature (Tg) of epoxy system .
- Can phosphorus containing silsesquioxane be used as flame retardant?
- Szołyga et al. obtained two phosphorus–containing silsesquioxane structures and used them as reactive and additive flame retardants in the commercial epoxy resin Epidian 652 (E652) and isophoronediamine (IDA) hardener.
