Blood doping Definition & Meaning - Merriam-Webster

                                               
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Doping Definition & Meaning - Merriam-Webster

                                               
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Merriam-Webster dictionary | History & Facts | Britannica

                                               
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  • What is a doping violation?
  • As stated in the World Anti-Doping Code by WADA, doping is defined as the occurrence of one or more of the anti-doping rule violations outlined in Article 2.1 through Article 2.11 of the Code. The term doping is widely used by organizations that regulate sporting competitions.
  • What did a doping expert say?
  • The American specialist in doping, Max M. Novich, wrote: "Trainers of the old school who supplied treatments which had cocaine as their base declared with assurance that a rider tired by a six-day race would get his second breath after absorbing these mixtures."
  • Are men and women being materialized in the context of doping?
  • Both men and women are being materialized in the context of doping in sport; in an interview involving 140 men, it was concluded that "bodily practices are essential for masculine identity," and it was determined that the media highly publicizes female athletes who were strong, and thin.
  • Did China do a doping programme on athletes?
  • China conducted a state-sanctioned doping programme on athletes in the 1980s and 1990s. The majority of revelations of Chinese doping have focused on swimmers and track and field athletes, such as Ma Junren 's Ma Family Army (馬家軍).
  • What causes a person to dope?
  • On a study on health psychology, Quirk points out three different psychological aspects that lead one to dope: social cognition, stress and strain, and addiction.
  • Was Dynamo a center for doping in East Germany?
  • The Sportvereinigung Dynamo (English: Dynamo Sports Club) was especially singled out [by whom?
  • ] as a center for doping in the former East Germany. Many former club officials and some athletes found themselves charged after the dissolution of the country.