Development and application of a solid phase extraction method for the
This paper describes a method for the determination of six phthalate esters (PEs) in artificial saliva using solid phase extraction (SPE) and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS). A new material was developed to isolate the PEs from artificial saliva.
Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry determination of the migration
In this study, a Dutch saliva simulant was adopted for the determination of phthalate migration. A 100 ml/h (10 ml/cm 2 per h) volume was selected, mimicking the mean rate of saliva production stimulated by active mouthing of an object by adults (1.5 ml/min). Two methods of “contact” were studied—namely, continuous testing and replenishment.
Estimating mouthing exposure to chemicals in children’s products - Nature
These include, but are not limited to, phthalate plasticizers [7,8,9], brominated flame retardants [10,11,12], fragrance allergens , as well as non-intentionally added substances , which may all
Migration of phthalates from PVC toys into saliva simulant by
Diisononylphthalate (DINP) and di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP) were the predominant plasticizers and were usually found in concentrations between 30 and 45% by weight. One teething ring was made of PVC plasticized with 45% by weight of DINP and was not in compliance with Decision 1999/815/EC.
Effect of the nature and concentration of phthalates on their
suitability of existing in vitro methods for the determination of the release of phthalates 2) investigate the effect of the nature of the phthalate on their release in saliva simulant under foreseen human conditions, and 3) investigate the effect of the percentage of different phthalates in PVC materials on their release in saliva simulant.
- What is the best method for PAE migration into simulant saliva?
- A robust and efficient method for PAEs migration into simulant saliva was developed for routine analysis. With the help of GC-MS, excellent recoveries and precision (repeatability and intermediate precision) were achieved for all the six PAEs, in an extremely fast and easy method.
- How accurate are phthalate ion abundance ratios?
- Replicate measurements (n=15) on the ion abundance ratios for each phthalate was determined to calculate the precision of the calibration, and the relative standard deviations of the qualifier to the quantifying ion. The relative standard deviations on the relative abundances did not exceed 10% for all the phthalates tested.
- What are phthalic acid esters?
- Phthalic acid esters (“phthalates”) are the most commonly used plasticizers in polyvinyl chloride (PVC) based products due to their compatibility and softening capability . The plasticiser content can be up to 50% by weight.
- Which phthalates were not tested?
- The remaining three phthalates from the EU Scientific Committee for Toxicity, Ecotoxicity and the Environment (CSTEE) list—dibutyl phthalate (DBP), benzyl butyl phthalate (BBP) and di-n-octyl phthalate (DnOP)—were not tested due to the unavailability of suitable materials. Previousarticlein issue Nextarticlein issue Keywords Agitation methods
