Plasticizers: Types, Uses, Classification, Selection & Regulation
Phthalate Esters – They are produced by esterification of phthalic anhydride or phthalic acid obtained by the oxidation of orthoxylene or naphthalene. Most commonly used phthalate plasticizers include: DEHP: Low molecular weight ortho-phthalate. Still the world’s most widely used PVC plasticizer DINP, DIDP: High molecular weight ortho-phthalates
Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) Labware | Thermo Fisher Scientific - US
PVC has extremely good resistance to oils (except essential oils) and very low permeability to most gases. Polyvinyl chloride is transparent and has a slight bluish tint. When blended with phthalate ester plasticizers, PVC becomes soft and pliable and can be extruded into flexible tubing. Without a plasticizer, you get a ridged PVC pipe instead.
Environmental impact of phthalic acid esters and their removal
The most common monomeric plasticizers are esters derived from phthalic acid, although others are derived from different organic acids, such as phosphates, trimetillates, citrates, sebacates, and adipates, among others (Titow, 1990; Wickson, 1993). The content of phthalate in a finished plastic product ranges from 10 to 60% by weight (IARC, 2000).
Uses of Phthalates and Other Plasticizers - U.S. Consumer Product
– Plasticizers will lose the ability to improve flex ibility if the plasticizer is chemically attached to the polymer – For phthalate esters, the plasticizer range extend s from esters prepared from C4 alcohols to C13 alcohols. However because of high volatility, C4 - C6 phthalate esters are no longer used as PVC plasticizers in most countries
Phthalate
Phthalates ( US: / θlets /, [1] UK: / θɑlets fθlts / [2] [3] ), or phthalate esters, are esters of phthalic acid. They are mainly used as plasticizers, i.e., substances added to plastics to increase their flexibility, transparency, durability, and longevity. They are used primarily to soften polyvinyl chloride (PVC).
- What are phthalate esters?
- Phthalate esters are the most widely used plasticizers at present. They have the characteristics of light color, low toxicity, good electrical performance, small volatile components, low odor and low temperature resistance. At present, phthalates esters is 80-85% of the total plasticizers. The main products: DOP, DIOP, DIDP, DINP, DBP, DIBP, DOTP.
- Is phthalate ester a good plasticizer?
- If it is used with phthalate esters as main plasticizer, the effect is better. Its mechanical properties, electrical properties and weatherability are good, but its cold resistance is poor. The main products are petroleum sulfonate phenyl ester (M-50) and chlorinated petroleum ester.
- What is a general performance ester plasticizer?
- Some general performance ester plasticizers used in the marketplace today are DOA, DIDA, DIDP, DOP, DINP and other phthalates and adipates made from straight-chain alcohols of 7–11 carbons in length. Ester plasticizers are commonly used only for their as-molded, low-temperature contribution.
- What is the difference between a plasticizer and a ester?
- Plasticizers are usually inert organic materials with high boiling points and low vapor pressures. Esters are commonly used due to their favorable physical interactions with high-molecular-weight polymers. This physical interaction causes the polymer and plasticizer to form a “homogenous physical unit.” In other words, they do no separate out.
- Can fatty acid esters be used as cold plasticizer with phthalates?
- Low temperature performance of fatty acid esters is very good, but poor compatibility with PVC so it can only be used as cold plasticizer with phthalates. The most commonly used varieties are dioctyl adipate and dioctyl sebacate. The company is located in:
- What is the structure of phthalate plasticizers?
- The structure of phthalate plasticizers is that of a phthalate ester, which is simply a phthalate with, an ester group (see structure below figure 1) (1). (Figure 1.) Phthalate plasticizers are colorless liquids like vegetable oil with a faint odor, and they are insoluble in water.
