Phthalates Business Guidance & Small Entity Compliance Guide
Where can I find the law describing the prohibition concerning phthalates? The law that prohibits children's toys and child care articles that contain certain phthalates can be found in section 108 of the Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act of 2008 (CPSIA) (pdf), Pub. L. No. 110-314, 122 Stat. 3016 (August 14, 2008), as amended by Section 5 of Public Law No. 112-28 (August 12, 2011).
Plasticizers and the CPSIA - U.S. Consumer Product Safety
Commercial Plasticizers Adipates (0.17 MT) Epoxy (0.14 MT) Other (0.17 MT) Benzoates Trimellitates (0.05 MT) (0.13 MT) Phthalates (5.4 MT) Phthalates – 90% (5.4 MT) of global plasticizer demand – Used to make PVC plastic soft and flexible – Most common plasticizer due to excellent balance of cost and performance
Phthalate Regulations in the United States: An Overview
The Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act (CPSIA) addresses the safety of children’s products. As such, it also regulates the use of chemicals such as phthalates, lead, and other dangerous substances that might be commonly found in children’s toys and childcare products.
Plasticizer migration from children's toys, child care
In the early 2000s, manufacturers began to replace phthalates with alternative plasticizers or replace PVC with plastics that do not require plasticizers (Babich, 2002; Babich et al., 2004). The CPSIA further limited the use of DINP and certain other phthalates in children's toys and child care products.
Eliminating DEHP Plasticizer in Medical-Grade PVC
The plasticizers used to render PVC flexible constitute about a third of the vinyl compound by weight and have a significant effect on overall properties and performance. The most widely used plasticizer in medical applications, DEHP (di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate), has been shown to engender biological activity when metabolized in rodents (though not in humans). As a result, there is pressure on
- Which plasticizer is most stable after 10 d?
- After 10 d, the migration trend of all samples had been stabled, it showed that the traditional plasticizer like DOP, DOTP and DOA had basically move out from the PVC matrix in non-polar environment due to their own single structure, while the PVC plasticized with A-ODL showed the best stability in all the environment.
- Do plasticizers deteriorate the thermal stability of plasticized PVC?
- When plasticized samples were subjected to the same temperature ramp, dramatic differences were observed compared to the above results for the plasticizers alone. Unplasticized PVC was stable up to 212 °C, whereas the addition of plasticizers deteriorated its thermal stability to some extent for every plasticizer studied.
- How stable is unplasticized PVC?
- Unplasticized PVC was stable up to 212 °C, whereas the addition of plasticizers deteriorated its thermal stability to some extent for every plasticizer studied. Table 3 offers a comparison of the PVC samples where the temperatures at which samples lost 10% of their initial weights have been reported.
- Why are plasticizers added to ca?
- Plasticizers are added to CA to increase workability, prevent degradation under processing conditions and ensure thermo-mechanical properties suitable for the intended final application. Moreover, inexpensive and non-toxic solvents enable its processing into fibers, films, and solid blocks.
- Are plasticizers a good choice for PVC?
- According to the statistics, the total output of PVC in the world was over 49.0 million tons in 2019 . However, as a rigid polymer, pure PVC have certain drawbacks without any additives . Therefore, plasticizers are generally blended to improve the mechanical properties and thermal stability of PVC materials , .
- Are primary plasticizers good for Environmental Protection?
- Currently, the performance of primary plasticizers produced in China cannot fully satisfy the requirements for environmental protection, especially poor cleanliness and high toxicity. DOP and dioctyl adipate (DOA), especially the former, are the plasticizers widely used in PVC-based food wrap and packaging.
