Enhanced coagulation for mitigation of disinfection by
The extent of DBP formation potential reduction by coagulation was the same as that of the process with or without pre-ozonation. The total reduction in DBP formation potential was the same for the overall process, regardless of the point of ozonation with respect to coagulation. [125] Yellow River (China) COD Mn (mg/L): 4.61–6.00
Drivers of variability in disinfection by-product formation
The most significant variable affecting DBP formation was season, where carbonaceous DBP FP was higher in autumn and summer than in winter. TTHM FP ranged from a 160% median increase in the river upstream of the reservoirs, to a 31% median increase in the last reservoir of the system, from winter to summer.
Evaluation of disinfection by-products (DBPs) formation
formation potential of 0.0725 mmol/mmol C, leading to a TCM and TCNM formation potential ratio of 10.7. We found that substrate utilization of anammox did not enhance DBP yields, and the DBP formation potential decreased after 10 hour starvation. High pH conditions stimulated the production of TCM precursors in the anammox reactor.
Enhanced coagulation for mitigation of disinfection by
Metal-based coagulants can achieve a reduction in DBP formation potential of approximately 20%-60% in natural water under enhanced coagulation conditions. Both the organic polymers (used as coagulant aids) and novel hybrid coagulants increase the removal of DOM and exhibit high potential for mitigating DBP formation.
Dynamic variations in DOM and DBPs formation potential during
A strong correlation between these DBPs and spectroscopic indices indicated that the humic content was an important factor in the formation of DBPs. In contrast, increasing ozonation not only...
- How are DBP precursors determined?
- In general, DBP precursors in drinking water sources can be determined using DBP FP tests, in which source water samples are dosed with a stoichiometric excess of specific disinfection agents (e.g., chlorine or chloramines) for a reaction time that is designed to maximize DBP formation under certain reaction conditions , .
- What is a DBP FP test?
- DBPs that are originally present in drinking water sources and DBP precursors determined using DBP FP tests can potentially be used to trace the origins of DOM in drinking water sources and evaluate the impacts of natural or anthropogenic events on source water quality.
- How do DBPs form?
- Unlike most other drinking water contaminants, DBPs form from disinfectant application within the plant, as a result of the final drinking water treatment process (disinfection) and continue to form throughout the distribution system, such that control strategies necessarily focus on minimizing their formation.
- Can DBPs and DBP precursors be used as contamination indicators?
- This study suggests that DBPs and DBP precursors can be used as potential contamination indicators to improve the understanding of policymakers, stakeholders, and researchers regarding the origins of major pollutants in drinking water sources. Desired management strategies can then be tailored accordingly to minimize pollution impacts.
- What causes increased DBP precursors in surface water?
- Both dry (i.e., particulate and gaseous deposition) and wet depositions (i.e., precipitation such as rain and snow) can contribute to an increase in DBP precursors in surface water , , .
- Where do DBP precursors come from?
- A variety of chemical constituents can serve as DBP precursors, with varied origins such as terrestrial or natural aquatic systems, atmospheric systems, wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), industrial discharge, human dwellings, aquaculture, and agricultural activities , , .
