Extrusion Processing and Properties of Protein‐Based
This shows that protein-protein interactions are stronger than urea-protein interactions, forcing the urea out of the material overtime. 41 Compared to polyol plasticizers, urea is not as flexible and the plasticized materials do not show the same extensibility. Therefore urea is good as a denaturant, to increase chain mobility during processing.
Plant protein-based food packaging films; recent advances
Plant-based proteins are classified into four major classes, including albumins, globulins, glutelins, and prolamins, based on their solubility and extractability in different solvents ( Lafarga, 2018 ).
Plasticizers for Protein‐Based Materials
There are numerous reports on plasticized protein‐based films, including matrices from plants such as soy, pea, sunflower, and wheat proteins and zein [5]. Animal‐based protein matrices include sodium caseinate, keratin, gelatin, collagen, and whey and myofibrillar proteins.
Film of Protein - an overview | ScienceDirect Topics
The amount of plasticizer added into protein film-forming preparations varies widely within the range of 10 to 60% by weight of the protein. The polyols glycerol and sorbitol are the most commonly used plasticizers for protein-based films ( Gennadios et al., 1994b ).
PROTEIN-BASED BIOPLASTICS profile – material | technology
Plasticisers, such as glycerol, can be used to control and adapt material properties and textures. The spectrum of potential raw materials suitable for the production of protein plastics is very wide. They can be of animal origin (casein, fibroin, collagen, keratin) or of plant origin (gluten, algae, oil). Properties of the material:
- What types of plasticizers are used in protein films?
- Common external plasticizers used in protein films are typically polyols, mono-, di-, and oligosaccharides, as well as fatty acids and phenolic acids . The selection of a plasticizer for a particular polymeric system depends on their compatibility with each other and the desired characteristics of the final product .
- Can biodegradable plasticizers increase the flexibility of protein-based materials?
- To increase the flexibility of protein-based materials, several researchers have reported the application of natural and/or biodegradable plasticizers, which reduce polymer chain-to-chain interactions by binding to the protein, distributing throughout the polymer matrix, and therefore increasing the free internal space.
- Are glycerols a good plasticizer for protein based materials?
- Glycerols are often cited as good plasticizers for protein-based materials due to their ability to reduce intermolecular hydrogen bonding while increasing intermolecular spacing. As a small hydrophilic molecule which could be inserted between protein chains, it acts as a plasticizer.
- How do Plasticizers improve protein-based films?
- They increase the free volume between chains, introduce more mobility to the polymer, and act as internal lubricants by reducing frictional forces between polymer chains. Plasticizers lower the glass transition temperature [13, 65, 66]. The complexity of plasticization seems to be a major bottleneck for the improvement of protein-based films.
- Are polyols a good plasticizer?
- Polyols are good plasticizers for protein-based materials such as gelatin films. Beneficial compounds of plasticized gelatin film can be used as biodegradable food packaging. Glycerol and sorbitol were found to show considerable plasticizing effect on gelatin-based film.
- What is a protein based polymer?
- The protein-based polymers have shown unique physical and chemical features for the formation of film/coatings. Additionally, these biopolymeric materials can be functionalized with various additives and fillers such as plasticizers, metal/metal oxide nanoparticles, antioxidants, and antibacterial molecules.
