Doping (semiconductor)
Neutron transmutation doping (NTD) is an unusual doping method for special applications. Most commonly, it is used to dope silicon n-type in high-power electronics and semiconductor detectors. It is based on the conversion of the Si-30 isotope into phosphorus atom by neutron absorption as follows:
9.6 Semiconductors and Doping - University Physics Volume 3
Figure 9.20 (a) The extra electron from a donor impurity is excited into the conduction band; (b) formation of an impurity band in an n-type semiconductor. By adding more donor impurities, we can create an impurity band, a new energy band created by semiconductor doping, as shown in Figure 9.20 (b). The Fermi level is now between this band and
9.7: Semiconductors and Doping - Physics LibreTexts
The electric current of a doped semiconductor can be due to the motion of a majority carrier, in which holes are contributed by an impurity atom, or due to a minority carrier, in which holes are contributed purely by thermal excitations of electrons across the energy gap.
7.1.4: Semiconductors- Band Gaps, Colors, Conductivity and Doping
n- and p-type doping of semiconductors involves substitution of electron donor atoms (light orange) or acceptor atoms (blue) into the lattice. These substitutions introduce extra electrons or holes, respectively, which are easily ionized by thermal energy to become free carriers.
15.2: Semiconductors- Band Gaps, Colors, Conductivity and Doping
Thus semiconductors with band gaps in the infrared (e.g., Si, 1.1 eV and GaAs, 1.4 eV) appear black because they absorb all colors of visible light. Wide band gap semiconductors such as TiO 2 (3.0 eV) are white because they absorb only in the UV. Fe 2 O 3 has a band gap of 2.2 eV and thus absorbs light with λ < 560 nm.
- What is semiconductor doping?
- In processing of modern semiconductor devices, doping refers to the process of introducing impurity atoms into a semiconductor wafer by ion implantation. The purpose of semiconductor doping is to define the number and the type of free charges in a crystal region that can be moved by applying an external voltage.
- What is doping a semiconductor with metallic/non-metallic elements?
- Doping a semiconductor with metallic/non-metallic elements is a strategy used to manipulate its optical and electronic properties, and tailor its band structure [4,35].
- How does doping affect semiconductor conductance?
- By incorporating a limited number of appropriate alternative particles, semiconductor conductance may be considerably increased. There are two different types of doping processes that are conducted using different types of dopants.
- How has doping changed the electronics industry?
- Doping of semiconductors has revolutionized the electronics industry, enabling the development of smaller, more efficient, and more powerful electronic devices. As technology continues to advance, the demand for more efficient and higher-performing electronic devices will only continue to grow.
- Which elements are used for doping in semiconductors?
- The most commonly used doping elements in semiconductors are boron, phosphorus, and arsenic. Boron is used for p-type doping, while phosphorus and arsenic are used for n-type doping. These elements have one less or one extra electron in their outermost shell, making them suitable for creating p-type and n-type semiconductors, respectively.
- What is doping in semiconductor nanocrystals?
- Doping—the intentional introduction of impurities into a material—is fundamental to controlling the properties of bulk semiconductors. This has stimulated similar efforts to dope semiconductor nanocrystals 1, 2, 3, 4. Despite some successes 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, many of these efforts have failed, for reasons that remain unclear.
