Comparison of the Effect of Plasticizers on PHBV—and

                                               
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Effects of Nano Alumina and Plasticizers on Morphology, Ionic

                                               
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Long- and short-term stability of plasticized poly(lactic

                                               
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Effect of plasticizer on physical and mechanical

                                               
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Effects of Nano Alumina and Plasticizers on Morphology, Ionic

                                               
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  • How is plasticization achieved in polymer morphology?
  • Plasticization is achieved by incorporating a plasticizer into polymer matrix, copolymerization, or blending. Among those, adding plasticizer is the most common and simplest way to modify polymer morphology. Plasticizer can lessen the intermolecular forces along the polymer chains. As a result, free volume was increased and T g was lowered.
  • How do plasticizers affect polymer morphology?
  • Among those, adding plasticizer is the simplest and most commonly used way to modify polymer morphology. Plasticizers can weaken intermolecular forces along the polymer chains, thus increasing free volume and lowering the glass transition temperature. For this reason, polymers with plasticizers have improved ductility.
  • Do plasticizers affect spherulitic morphology of PHB?
  • Polarized optical microscopy (POM) was used to evaluate the effect of the addition of plasticizers on the spherulitic morphology of PHB. The samples were heated to 210 °C and cooled to 60 °C (isothermal crystallization temperature) to promote the samples’ crystallization.
  • Does plasticizer concentration affect mechanical properties of PHB?
  • The effect of the plasticizers’ concentration on the mechanical properties of PHB, i.e., elastic modulus (E), maximum tensile strength (σ), and elongation at break (ε), is shown in Figure 9. Neat PHB is a material with high rigidity due to its crystallinity ; it has a high elastic modulus and low elongation at break.
  • Do plasticizers affect the properties of films based on corn starch?
  • Similar results were found in studies by (Alves et al. 2015) who evaluated the effect of inserting CNCs and gelatin in films plasticized with corn starch, and (Hazrati et al. 2021) who studied the effect of plasticizers on the properties of films based on Dioscorea hispida starch.
  • Which oligomers are used to evaluate the plasticizing effect on PHB matrix?
  • In this work, two linear-chain polyester oligomers—plasticizer 1 and plasticizer 2 (P1 and P2, respectively)—were used to evaluate the plasticizing effect on the PHB matrix at concentrations up to 30 wt%. The plasticizers are distinguished by the C-O/C=O ratio: approx. 0.923 and 2.226 for P1 and P2, respectively.