Phthalate
Phthalates ( US: / θlets /, [1] UK: / θɑlets fθlts / [2] [3] ), or phthalate esters, are esters of phthalic acid. They are mainly used as plasticizers, i.e., substances added to plastics to increase their flexibility, transparency, durability, and longevity. They are used primarily to soften polyvinyl chloride (PVC).
A potentially general approach to aliphatic ester-derived PVC
The safety of flexible polyvinyl chloride (PVC) materials is now being questioned, partially due to allegations that di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), the dominant PVC plasticizer, is an endocrine disruptor and a probable carcinogen. As sustainable alternatives, aliphatic ester-derived plasticizers feature
Plasticizers Derived from Biomass Resources: A Short Review.
Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) plasticizers derived from biomass resources (vegetable oil, cardanol, vegetable fatty acid, glycerol and citric acid) have been widely studied to replace petroleum-based o -phthalate plasticizers.
Bioplasticizer - an overview | ScienceDirect Topics
In the mid-1970s, Hercules Chemical Company introduced two polyol ester plasticizers, Hercoflex 600 and Hercoflex 707. These plasticizers were prepared by the esterification of pentaerythritol and dipentaerythritol with a mixture of short-chain acids, predominately C6 acid.
Ester plasticizers for polyvinyl chloride | SpringerLink
Particular attention is paid to plasticizers derived from terephthalic acid, which show promise for replacing toxic dioctyl phthalate. The results of studies on synthesis and properties of nonphthalate plasticizers based on benzene, toluene, naphthalene, cyclohexane, and norbornene are considered.
- How do I Choose an ester plasticizer?
- A610), can be found on pages 7-8.When selecting an ester plasticizer, it is important to consider which elastomer is being used and the properties of that elastomer. Plasticizers and elastomers need to be compatible with each other b
- What is a nonmigrating plasticizer?
- Most prominently, hyperbranched oligomeric esters derived from the readily available, renewable, nontoxic biomonomers, glycerol and adipic acid, are excellent nonmigrating plasticizers. These materials may be produced in a simple process.
- Are plasticizers and elastomers compatible?
- the properties of that elastomer. Plasticizers and elastomers need to be compatible with each other b sed on having similar polarities.The Plasticizer/Polymer Polarity Chart on page 22 graphically shows the relationship between compatibility and p Rubber (NBR)POLYMER INFORMATIONNitrile elastomers (NBR) result from reactions of butadiene
- What are the structural features of effective plasticizers?
- Several structural features of effective plasticizers have been recognized. Polar functionality is required to assure compatibility with a wide range of polymeric materials, including poly (vinyl chloride) (PVC), the most heavily plasticized polymer. A branched structure greatly enhances the effectiveness of compounds used as plasticizers.
- Are non-phthalate plasticizers effective?
- The response to the need for non-phthalate plasticizers that are effective, nonmigrating and nontoxic has focused on the development of plasticizing compounds derived from biomaterials or biobased materials [7 – 9]. Most often, these have been designed for use in PVC [10 – 12].
- Which phthalate is used as a plasticizer?
- Traditionally, phthalate esters, most prominently, di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate [DEHP], have been used as plasticizers. DEHP is produced from two inexpensive precursors, phthalic acid and 2-ethylhexanol. Phthalic acid is obtained from the oxidation of o -xylene, the least useful of the mixed xylenes from the reforming of naphtha .
