Plasticizers: Types, Uses, Classification, Selection & Regulation
Plasticizers increase the flow and thermoplasticity of a polymer by decreasing the viscosity of the polymer melt, the glass transition temperature (Tg), the melting temperature (Tm) and the elastic modulus of the finished product without altering the fundamental chemical character of the plasticized material.
Plasticizer for poly(vinyl chloride) from cardanol as a renewable
This high purity esterification was obtained using, 7 g of cardanol and 6.57 ml (7.09 mol, 3 equivalents) of acetic anhydride, diluted in 5 ml di pyridine, and held for 2 h at 50 °C. Then, the solution was washed with HCl aqueous solution, dried, and filtered.
Plasticizers – Benefits, Trends, Health, and Environmental Issues
Plasticizers are produced by a reaction of an alcohol with an acid such as adipic acid, phthalic anhydride, and so forth. The choice of alcohol and acid will determine the type of ester that can be produced and hence the kind of plasticizer.
Plasticizer - an overview | ScienceDirect Topics
The largest market sector for plasticizers is the film, sheet, and coated fabric market sector. These products are manufactured by calendering, extrusion, cast films, and spread coating processes and are used to produce a wide variety of products including table cloths, packaging films, swimming pool liners, tarpaulins, agriculture films, wall coverings, office products, awnings, shower
Plasticizer - an overview | ScienceDirect Topics
When it comes to selecting a suitable plasticizer for a coating formulation, some key issues to consider are: efficiency, which defines how much plasticizer must be added to produce the desired effect; compatibility, which indicates how effectively the plasticizer interacts with the polymer, and the level up to which that interaction occurs; and
- How do you calculate plasticization efficiency?
- Primarily, plasticization efficiency is a first-order process and can be expressed as A = A 0 e − K [c] plasticizer where A = measured parameter, A 0 = A when plasticizer concentration is 0, K = rate constant, and [c] plasticizer = plasticizer concentration.
- Do Plasticizers improve formulation performance and stability?
- Although these plasticizers are effective as processing aid for HME, the effect of these plasticizers on formulation performance and stability is of utmost interest for the development of stabilized amorphous formulations. J. Swarbrick, J.C. Boylan (Eds.), Encyclopedia of Pharmaceutical Technology (19th ed.), Marcel Dekker Inc.,
- How to select solid-state plasticizer?
- The selection of solid-state plasticizer should include miscibility of plasticizer in polymer as well as API and its effect on T g and η 0 of the final system. It can be summarized that when components are miscible, different techniques will lead to the consistent plasticization effect prediction.
- Are plasticizers miscible?
- Greenhalgh et al. 40 have demonstrated that components with solubility differences of less than 7 MPa ½ are likely to be miscible. Thus, plasticizers with solubility parameters in range of 17-31 MPa ½ are likely to show complete or partial miscibility with INM.
- Do plasticizers affect HME process and product performance?
- Although various studies have demonstrated the effect of plasticizers on HME process and product performance, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25 no single study has investigated the systematic approach for selecting a suitable plasticizer.
- What is a solid state plasticizer?
- Based on comparable solubility parameters, stearic acid, glyceryl behenate, and polyethylene glycol 8000 were selected as solid-state plasticizers. Binary and ternary physical mixtures were evaluated as a function of plasticizer concentration for thermal and rheological behavior.
