Phthalates in Cosmetics | FDA
Overview of safety and regulatory issues related to the use of phthalates in cosmetics. ... the panel evaluated phthalate exposure and toxicity data, and conducted a safety assessment for DBP in
Phthalate and novel plasticizer concentrations in food items
Given the limited toxicity data on replacement plasticizers, we queried high-throughput screening data from the U.S. EPA ToxCast Program for additional toxicity information for DEHT, DEHA, and DINCH .
A review of common non-ortho-phthalate plasticizers for use
Several non-ortho phthalate plasticizers, including ATBC, DEHA, DINCH, DOTP, and ESBO, are currently used in flexible PVC applications for food packaging and processing. The aim of this review is to summarize the available toxicity, migration, and human biomonitoring data.
Review of Exposure and Toxicity Data for Phthalate Substitutes
Dialkyl ortho-phthalates (o-DAPs) comprise a class of commercially important compounds used primarily as plasticizers in polyvinyl chloride (PVC). They can be found in floor and wall-coverings, and common household products such as children’s soft plastic toys.
Phthalates in Food Packaging and Food Contact Applications
Data from these studies were published in 2018, 2025, and 2025, and suggest that manufacturers have been replacing phthalates as their primary plasticizer with alternative compounds. For example
- Are plasticizers toxic to fish?
- From the bee predictive model (KNN/IRFMN) BPF, di-n-propyl phthalate, diallyl phthalate, dibutyl phthalate, and diisohexyl phthalate were predicted as strong bee toxicants. Acute toxicity for fish using the model Sarpy/IRFMN predicted 19 plasticizers as strong toxicants with LC50 values of less than 1 mg/L.
- Are emerging/alternative plasticizers harmful?
- Various emerging/alternative plasticizers entered the market following the ban on several phthalate plasticizers because of their harmful effects. However, there are limited data (especially peer-reviewed) on emerging plasticizers’ toxicity and environmental impact.
- Do human monitoring studies provide baseline levels of phthalate exposure?
- Human monitoring studies performed in Asia, America and Europe have provided the population exposure baseline levels for typical phthalates in different regions. Urine is the preferred matrix than other specimens for phthalate exposure study.
- Can phthalates exposure be accurately calculated using urinary mpaes?
- Daily intakes of phthalates can be accurately calculated via urinary mPAEs if the proper exposure parameters were determined. Further work should focus on combining epidemiological and biological evidences to establish links between phthalates exposure and biological phenotypes.
- Are emerging plasticizers a regrettable substitution?
- This review compiles available data on toxicity, exposure, environmental effects, and safe production of emerging plasticizers. It identifies gaps in scientific research and provides evidence that emerging plasticizers are potential cases of regrettable substitution.
- Are plasticizers safe?
- There is also a lack of scientific data on most emerging plasticizers. This way, we call for increased research and timely regulatory action to prevent global contamination and health risks. Finally, this study presents a scientifically robust protocol to avoid harmful substitutions and ensure the production of safer chemicals.
