Phthalates Action Plan1 I. - US EPA
phthalate (DnOP), diisononyl phthalate (DINP), and diisodecyl phthalate (DIDP). In developing this plan, EPA considered the toxicity of phthalates, their prevalence in the environment and their widespread use and human exposure. Phthalates are produced in high volume, over 470 million pounds per year (EPA 2006).
4. How can humans be exposed to DIDP and DINP? - GreenFacts
4.1 How can workers be exposed to DIDP and DINP? Exposure to DIDP or DINP in certain workplaces may occur by skin contact or by inhalation. Skin may come into contact with DIDP, or with formulations or end products containing it, but absorption is very low through the skin.
Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) - Proposition 65 Warnings Website
Avoid plastics known as polyvinyl chloride (PVC) or vinyl (with recycle code 3). Minimize exposure to dust, which can contain DINP: Wash your hands and your child’s hands frequently, especially before preparing food, and before eating. Clean floors regularly, using a wet mop or a vacuum cleaner with a high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA
6. Do DIDP and DINP pose risks to human health? - GreenFacts
Humans exposed via the environment The exposure assessment has shown that the main route of intake is by the oral route. For repeated dose toxicity, in adults and children 3-15 years old, the highest estimated total daily intake is 0.028 mg/kg bw/d, corresponding to an internal exposure of 0.014 mg/kg bw/d.
DINP and DIDP - U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission
DIDP and DINP are liquids with very low: – Vapor pressure – Water solubility – Dermal absorption (Elsisi et al., 1989) Exposures sufficiently high enough to induce adverse effects in humans are not plausible, given the inherent phys/chem properties of DIDP and DINP. Phys/Chem Properties & Exposure
- How do you get exposed to DIDP?
- Occupational exposure to DIDP may occur: by skin contact with pure DIDP, or mixtures (formulations) or end products containing it, by inhalation (vapours and aerosol). Oral exposure is not considered to be a significant route of exposure under normal working practices.
- Why is DINP dangerous?
- EPA has determined that DINP presents an unreasonable risk of injury to human health, because workers could be exposed to high concentrations of DINP in mist when spraying adhesive, sealant, paint, and coating products that contain DINP. DINP can cause developmental toxicity and harm the liver and can cause cancer at higher rates of exposure.
- Where does DINP exposure come from?
- Past assessments, including the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission's risk assessment, found that DINP exposure comes primarily from diet for women, infants, toddlers, and children.
- Does DINP increase the risk of cancer?
- · Exposure to DINP may increase the risk of cancer. Proposition 65 requires businesses to determine if they must provide a warning about significant exposure to listed chemicals. What is DINP?
- · DINP belongs to a family of chemicals called phthalates, which are added to some plastics to make them flexible.
- What is the occupational exposure limit for DIDP?
- Few countries have defined Occupational Exposure Limits for DINP. In the UK, the HSE (1997) indicates an occupational exposure standard (8-hour TWA) of 5 mg/m3 for DIDP (CAS 26761-40-0).
- Are children a vulnerable population subgroup for DINP/DIDP exposure?
- The total exposure estimate of DIDP in children and adults (>3 years) is 5.8 μ g/kg body weight/day. Thus, both the biological monitoring studies and exposure assessments have identified infants and young children as vulnerable population subgroups for DINP/DIDP exposure. 6. Conclusion
