Phthalates found in diverse array of foods, from coffee to
A report published in March 2025, summarized the health effects of plastic chemicals including phthalates (FPF reported) and a review in 2025 that examined 38 human health studies concluded that regulatory ‘safe’ limits for human exposure to phthalates may be set at levels not sufficiently protective of human health (FPF reported ).
Subacute exposure to di-isononyl phthalate alters the
Di-isononyl phthalate (DiNP), a common plasticizer used in polyvinyl chloride products, exhibits endocrine-disrupting capabilities. It is also toxic to the brain, reproductive system, liver, and
Selecting adequate exposure biomarkers of diisononyl and
We detected monoisononyl phthalate (MNP), a minor metabolite of DINP, much less frequently (12.9%) and at concentration ranges (> 0.8 g/L-148.1 g/L) much lower than MCOP (> 0.7 g/L- 4,961 g/L). Adjusted geometric mean concentrations of MCOP and MCNP were significantly higher (p < 0.01) among children than among adolescents and adults.
Di-isononyl Phthalate (DINP); Final Scope of the Risk
Di-isononyl Phthalate (DINP) (1,2-Benzene- dicarboxylic acid, 1,2-diisononyl ester); Manufacturer Request for Risk Evaluation Under the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA); Notice of Availability and Request for Comments. Federal Register. ( 84 FR 42912, August 19, 2025) (FRL-9998-25). 2. EPA.
Draft Scope of the Risk Evaluation for Di-isononyl Phthalate
DIDP Di-isodecyl phthalate DINP Di-isononyl Phthalate ECHA European Chemicals Agency EC x Effective Concentration that causes a response that is x% of the maximum EPA Environmental Protection Agency ERG Eastern Research Group ESD Emission Scenario Document FDA Food and Drug Administration
- What are high molecular-weight phthalates (DINP) and diisodecyl phthalate (D?
- High molecular-weight phthalates, such as diisononyl phthalate (DINP), and diisodecyl phthalate (DIDP), are widely used as plasticizers in the manufacturing of polymers and consumer products. Human biological monitoring studies have employed the metabolites of DINP and DIDP as biomarkers to assess human exposure.
- Is the prevalence of human exposure to diisononyl phthalate (DINP) underestimated?
- The use of MINP as the sole biomarker for human exposure to diisononyl phthalate (DINP) is an underestimation. DINP is a complex mixture of branched-chain dialkyl phthalate isomers, predominantly containing nine carbons in the alkyl chain. Therefore, we concluded that the prevalence of human exposure to DINP is underestimated.
- What is diisononyl phthalate (DINP)?
- Diisononyl phthalate (DINP) is a complex mixture of predominantly nine-carbon branched-chain dialkyl phthalate isomers. It is analyzed as a metabolite in human urine (J Chromatogr B 805:161-167).
- Does diisononyl phthalate cause chronic toxicity?
- Babich MA. The Risk of Chronic Toxicity Associated with Exposure to Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) in Children's Products. Bethesda, Md, USA: United States Consumer Product Safety Commission; 1998. [Google Scholar] 47. Babich MA, Chen SB, Greene MA, et al. Risk assessment of oral exposure to diisononyl phthalate from children’s products.
- Does DINP cause antiandrogenic effects on rodent male fetuses?
- DINP, like di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, a widely used phthalate, causes antiandrogenic effects on developing rodent male fetuses. However, MINP, the hydrolytic metabolite of DINP, is only a minor urinary metabolite of DINP. Traditionally, human exposure to DINP has been assessed using MINP as a biomarker.
- Is Di (isononyl) phthalate mutagenic?
- According to McKee, Przygoda, Chirdon, Engelhardt, and Stanley (2000), Di (isononyl) phthalate (DINP) and di (isodecyl) phthalate (DIDP) are not mutagenic.
