Phthalate Esters in the Environment: Sources and Quantification
Phthalate esters are industrial chemicals used widely as plasticizers to impart flexibility and durability to polymers and plastics. Phthalates represent 69% of plasticizer used in USA, 92% in Western Europe and 81% in Japan [1]. Table 1 contains some of the 18 commercial phthalate esters.
Databook of Plasticizers - 2nd Edition
The databook is an essential resource for engineers, technicians, and materials scientists responsible for specifying a plasticizer. It provides trustworthy and up-to-date data that is applicable to a range of numerous application areas, such as construction, automotives, food packaging, and more. Key Features Readership Table of Contents
Potentially harmful industrial chemicals detected in US fast
Potentially harmful industrial chemicals detected in US fast foods Phthalates and other plasticizers found in cheeseburgers, chicken burritos and other popular foods purchased at fast-food restaurants
Phthalates in Food Packaging and Food Contact Applications
The FDA revoked authorizations for the food contact use of 23 phthalates and two other substances used as plasticizers, adhesives, defoaming agents, lubricants, resins, and slimicides.
Nonphthalate Plasticizers in House Dust from Multiple
Plasticizers represent a large group of chemical additives in order to increase the flexibility, transparency, durability, and longevity of polymers materials. (1,2) As the most commonly used plasticizers, phthalate esters (PAEs) constitute about 80–85% of the global plasticizer market for use in polyvinyl chloride plastics.
- What are phthalate plasticizers?
- From a chemical point of view, phthalate plasticizers come from an esterification reaction between phthalic anhydride and an alcohol with specific characteristics. Phthalates are the most used molecules in many sectors of industrial production.
- Which phthalate is used as a plasticizer for PVC?
- DTDP is the highest weight dialkyl phthalate to be used as a plasticizer. It was widely used as a high temperature plasticizer for PVC until trimellitates came into existence. It needs high processing temperatures for compounding with PVC. Cost: Phthalates are used as PVC plasticizers since the earliest days of flexible PVC.
- What are the benefits and limitations of phthalate plasticizers?
- Key benefits and limitations of phthalate plasticizers include: Di-2-ethylhexyl-phthalate (DEHP) is a low molecular weight ortho-phthalate. It has a chemical formula of C 6 H 4 (C 8 H 17 COO) 2. It is produced by the esterification of phthalic anhydride with 2-ethyl-hexanol.
- Are phthalate esters a good plasticizer?
- Being inexpensive, nontoxic (in an acute sense), colorless, noncorrosive, biodegradable, and with easily tuned physical properties, phthalate esters are nearly ideal plasticizers.
- What are the different types of phthalates?
- Although the phthalates belong to a large family of molecular organic compounds, some molecules are used more than others. Among them, we remember DEHP, DINP, DIDP, DUP, and all the linear phthalates (ideal for providing high flexibility even at low temperatures).
- Can phthalates be used in food contact polymers?
- The FDA currently allows nine phthalates in food contact applications (eight for use as plasticizers and one for use as a monomer) in the production of food contact polymers. Phthalates are not authorized to be directly added to food.
