Alternative Plasticizers As Emerging Global Environmental and
Plasticizers are synthetic chemicals that are commonly used in polyvinyl chloride (PVC) based products, food packaging, children’s toys, medical devices, and adhesives. There are about 30 000 chemicals can potentially be utilized as plasticizers.
Metabolism of the plasticizer and phthalate substitute
The unspecific CHDA was identified as the major urinary metabolite representing 23.7 % of the dose as the mean of the three volunteers (range 20.0-26.5 %). 14.8 % (11.3-16.7 %) of the dose was excreted as monoesters with oxidative modifications, in particular OH-MINCH 10.7 % (7.7-12.9 %), oxo-MINCH 2.0 % (1.5-2.6 %) and carboxy-MINCH 2.0 %
Determination of human urinary metabolites of the plasticizer
Di(2-ethylhexyl) adipate (DEHA) is a plasticizer and phthalate substitute used in various consumer products. Relevant population exposures have to be assumed. In this study we describe the determination of three specific side chain-oxidized monoester metabolites of DEHA, mono-2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl
Phthalate metabolites: Characterization, toxicities, global
Based on the available literature, the present review mainly aims to 1) characterize the potential metabolites of phthalates (mPAEs) using the pharmacokinetics evidences acquired via animal or human models; 2) examine the molecular and cellular mechanism involved in toxicity for mPAEs; 3) investigate the exposure levels of mPAEs in different
authors own final version, e-pub/printed version at Archives
page 3 of 22 Introduction Hexamoll DINCH (diisononyl-cyclohexane-1,2-dicarboxylate) is used as a substitute for high molecular weight (HMW) phthalate plasticizers (Crespo et al. 2007, 2009
- Can Hexamoll ® DINCH ® be used as a substitute for phthalate plasticizers?
- With this study, we provide reliable urinary excretion factors to calculate DINCH ® intakes based on these metabolites in environmental and occupational studies. Hexamoll ® DINCH ® (diisononyl-cyclohexane-1,2-dicarboxylate) is used as a substitute for high-molecular-weight (HMW) phthalate plasticizers (Crespo et al. 2007, 2009; Wang et al. 2009).
- Are phthalate acid esters a good treatment for microbial degradation?
- Phthalate acid esters (PAEs), a group of xenobiotic compounds used extensively as plasticizers, have attracted increasing concern for adverse effects to human health and the environment. Microbial degradation relying on PAE hydrolases is a promising treatment. However, only a limited number of PAE hydrolases were characterized to date.
- How many phthalic acid esters are in food simulants?
- Li, X. et al. Analysis of 16 phthalic acid esters in food simulants from plastic food contact materials by LC-ESI-MS/MS. J. Sep. Sci. 36, 477–484 (2013). Korfali, S. I., Sabra, R., Jurdi, M. & Taleb, R. I. Assessment of toxic metals and phthalates in children’s toys and clays. Arch. Environ. Con. Tox. 65, 368–381 (2013).
- What are low molecular weight phthalates?
- Low molecular weight (LMW) phthalates such as diethyl phthalate (DEP), butylbenzyl phthalate (BBzP), di-n-butyl phthalate (DnBP), and di-iso-butyl phthalate (DiBP) are commonly found in personal care products and house dust [20, .
- Can phthalate diester be hydrolyzed?
- A few PAE hydrolases, such as EstM2 16 and EstJ6 17 from metagenomic sources, are capable of hydrolyzing both phthalate diester and phthalate monoester. Nevertheless, the catalytic mechanisms of these enzymes are barely reported.
- Which hydrolase converts phthalate diesters to monoesters?
- Primarily, dialkyl PAE hydrolases convert phthalate diesters to the corresponding monoesters, which can be further degraded to PA by monoalkyl PAE hydrolases. Monoalkyl PAE hydrolases are highly clustered on the phylogenetic tree to form a MEHP hydrolase family, suggestive of a conserved catalytic mechanism.
