Phthalate and novel plasticizer concentrations in food items
Background. Fast food consumption is associated with biomarkers of ortho-phthalates exposures. However, the chemical content of fast food is unknown; certain ortho-phthalates (i.e., di-n-butyl
A review of common non-ortho-phthalate plasticizers for use
Plasticizers reviewed in this paper were selected from non-ortho-phthalate plasticizers reported in a study by FDA staff (Carlos et al., 2018), from the relevant information in the List of Available Datasets from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA, 2025a), and from European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) Journal evaluations published over
A review of common non-ortho-phthalate plasticizers for use
Several non-ortho phthalate plasticizers, including ATBC, DEHA, DINCH, DOTP, and ESBO, are currently used in flexible PVC applications for food packaging and processing. The aim of this review is to summarize the available toxicity, migration, and human biomonitoring data.
Why phthalates should be banned in consumer products - News
A: These chemicals—generally referred to as “phthalates”—are a family of compounds that has been widely used for well over 50 years. They have many properties that make them useful in many different consumer products. One of their common uses is to soften vinyl plastic.
Phthalates in Food Packaging and Food Contact Applications
The FDA currently allows nine phthalates in food contact applications (eight for use as plasticizers and one for use as a monomer) in the production of food contact polymers. Phthalates are not
- Which non-ortho phthalate plasticizers are used in flexible PVC?
- Several non-ortho phthalate plasticizers, including ATBC, DEHA, DINCH, DOTP, and ESBO, are currently used in flexible PVC applications for food packaging and processing. The aim of this review is to summarize the available toxicity, migration, and human biomonitoring data.
- Which plasticizers are used in food contact applications?
- ATBC, DEHA, DINCH, DOTP, and ESBO are used in food contact applications, are well-studied, and demonstrate low toxicity. Seven other plasticizers, 2EHESBO, ASE, CMCHA, DBT, DEHCH, PETV, and TOTM, have recent but limited food contact clearances.
- Can DeHa be used as a plasticizer?
- Greater than 80% of DEHA in the U.S. is used in food contact related applications (Malveda et al., 2021), but outside of this application, DEHA is not usually used as a primary plasticizer but as a secondary plasticizer together with other plasticizers in formulations to improve low temperature flexibility (Godwin and Krauskopf, 2008).
- Which phthalate has a C6 backbone?
- For example, DEHP made from 2-ethylhexyl alcohol has a C6 backbone with a C2 branch, and di-n-octyl phthalate (DnOP) is made from n-octanol with a C8 backbone.
- Is human plasticizer exposure a risk factor for children?
- Taken all together and keeping in mind that the food path may be the major route for human plasticizer exposure, these data conclusively show very low levels of exposure. Consequently, no risk is concluded for the general population including sensitive subpopulations such as children based on these data.
- Should ortho-phthalates be restricted?
- Some influencers have called for restrictions on the whole class of ortho-phthalates; however, this is largely misinformed since the adverse developmental effects are only seen with phthalate esters having alcohol groups with a C3 to C6 carbon backbone and not for the others (e.g., Fabjan et al., 2006).
