Perinatal Exposure to Phthalates: From Endocrine to
This is true especially for infants, who are both more exposed and sensitive to their effects. Phthalates are particularly harmful when the exposure occurs during certain critical temporal windows of the development, such as the prenatal and the early postnatal phases.
Perinatal exposure to the phthalates DEHP, BBP, and DINP, but
Perinatal administration of AR antagonists like vinclozolin and procymidone or chemicals like di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) that inhibit fetal testicular testosterone production demasculinize the males such that they display reduced anogenital distance (AGD), retained nipples, cleft phallus with hypospadias, undescended testes, a vaginal
Phthalate exposure and female reproductive and developmental
Among these outcomes, preterm birth had moderate evidence of a positive association with phthalate exposure (specifically DEHP, DBP, and DEP). Exposure levels for BBP, DIBP, and DINP were generally lower than for the phthalates with an observed effect, which may partially explain the difference due to lower sensitivity. Other phthalate/outcome
PERINATAL EXPOSURE TO THE PHTHALATES DEHP, BBP AND DINP, BUT
DEHP, BBP, DINP, DEP, DMP, or DOTP were administered orally to the dam at 0.75 g/kg from gestational day 14 to postnatal day three. Although none of these treatments induced maternal or pup mortality, DEHP reduced maternal pregnancy weight gain by about 25 g. DEHP and BBP treatments reduced pup weight at birth.
Perinatal Exposure to Phthalates: From Endocrine to
Other studies revealing the fetal DBP and DEP exposure may show significant growth retardations and also affect the brain development and emotions like attention problems, anxiety, and...
- How are neonates exposed to phthalates?
- Neonates and infants are also exposed to phthalates through breastfeeding and maternal medications . Several studies showed how breastmilk is an exposure route for phthalates to neonates. Calafat et al. and Mortesen et al. detected phthalates in breastmilk using the tandem mass spectrometry.
- Is prenatal exposure to DBP and DEHP a risk factor?
- Prenatal exposure to DBP and DEHP has been related to poor attentional performances, aggressive behaviors, and oppositional and defiant problems.
- Are phthalates a risk factor for preterm birth?
- A recent study provided evidence that the exposure to DEP and phthalates’ polymers from drugs may cause an increased risk of preterm birth (PTB), underlining the importance of exposure to phthalates from pharmaceuticals, which could be easily avoided .
- What is the TDI for phthalates?
- For phthalates, the TDI values established by EFSA for some of the most common diesters, such as DEHP, BBP, and DBP, are 0.05, 0.5 and 0.01 mg/kg bw/day, respectively, while for HMW molecules such as DiDP and DiNP, the TDI is 0.15 mg/Kg bw/day.
- Do phthalates increase the risk of childhood neurodevelopmental disorders?
- Moreover, phthalates might increase the risk of childhood neurodevelopmental disorders by interfering with different neuroendocrine systems. Table 2 summarizes the main human studies on prenatal phthalates exposure and possible neurobehavioral effects in the offspring.
- Does prenatal exposure to phthalates affect DNA methylation?
- In humans, recent data highlight the significant effect the prenatal exposure to phthalates and their consequence on DNA methylation.
