Determination of phthalates in particulate matter and
Some studies reported on exposure to phthalates, which are used as plasticizers in the rubber-manufacturing industry (IARC 2012). Places in companies and factories where different types of plastics are processed, including many packaging materials and plastic parts, can be expected to pose a potential threat to the people working there.
Phthalates Factsheet | National Biomonitoring Program | CDC
Phthalates are a group of chemicals used to make plastics more durable. They are often called plasticizers. Some phthalates are used to help dissolve other materials. Phthalates are in hundreds of products, such as vinyl flooring, lubricating oils, and personal-care products (soaps, shampoos, hair sprays).
Plasticizer
Phthalate -based plasticizers are used in situations where good resistance to water and oils is required. Some common phthalate plasticizers are: Low Molecular Weight Ortho Phthalates Dimethyl phthalate (DMP), used in fragrances, as an insect repellent, and in several industrial processes as a solvent/carrier
Phthalates in Food Packaging and Food Contact Applications
Phthalates in Food Packaging and Food Contact Applications Ortho -phthalates, often referred to as “phthalates,” are chemicals used in plastic products (most commonly in the specific type...
Ortho-phthalates - Plasticisers - Information Center
Phthalates (pronounced THAL-ates tha-lāts) – covering ortho-phthalates – are the most commonly used plasticisers (US: plasticizers) in the world. In Europe, about one million tonnes of ortho-phthalates and terephthalates are produced each year – about 80% of the entire plasticisers market – of which approximately 95% are used to make flexible polyvinyl chloride (PVC).
- Are all plasticizers phthalates?
- They are mainly used as plasticizers, i.e., substances added to plastics to increase their flexibility, transparency, durability, and longevity. They are used primarily to soften polyvinyl chloride (PVC). While phthalates are commonly used as plasticizers, not all plasticizers are phthalates.
- Why are phthalates used as plasticizers?
- The widespread use of phthalates as plasticizers is due to their ability to significantly improve the flexibility and durability of plastic products. They are effective in lowering the material’s hardness, making plastics easier to process and more comfortable for consumers to handle.
- When was phthalic acid first used as a plasticizer?
- Phthalic acid esters found applications as plasticizers for the first time in 1920 and continue to be the largest class of plasticizers in the 21st century . Di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), also known as dioctyl phthalate (DOP), was introduced in 1930 and has been the most widely used plasticizer since the 1930s.
- Which phthalates dominate the plasticizer market?
- Chemical management varies considerably between regions and on a global scale. DEHP still dominates the plasticizer market . Therefore, target analytes were often restricted to DEHP and other LMW phthalates. House dust samples in China, for example, were strongly dominated by DEHP and DBP .
- Are phthalate esters PVC plasticizers?
- For phthalate esters, the plasticizer range extends from esters prepared from C4 alcohols to C13 alcohols. However because of high volatility, C4 - C6 phthalate esters are no longer used as PVC plasticizers in most countries C1 to C3 (i.e. DEP, DMP, DPP) phthalate esters are solvents, not PVC plasticizers.
- Which non-phthalates are used in plasticizers?
- Furthermore, the demand for alternative plasticizers is increasing. Today, the most frequently used non-phthalates are adipates, terephthalates (main representative DEHT) and Diisononyl 1, 2-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid (DINCH) . The monitoring programs used in this study covered a total of 26 analytes.
