Plasticizers – Benefits, Trends, Health, and Environmental Issues

                                               
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Plasticizers - Chemical Economics Handbook (CEH) | S&P Global - IHS Markit

                                               
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Plasticizers | ExxonMobil Product Solutions

                                               
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Plasticizers (Low Phthalates, High Phthalates, and Non-Phthalates

                                               
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Plasticisers - Information Center

                                               
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  • What is plasticizer phthalate?
  • Plasticizer phthalate is a pollutant. Its teratogenic or carcinogenic effects on human. Phytotoxic effects of phthalate and its transmission through food chain. Abatement of phthalate via bioremediation. Microbe-mediated soil-phthalate bioaugmentation approaches.
  • What are phthalates used for?
  • In addition to their use as plasticizers, phthalates also find their applications in many personal care products such as colognes, perfumes, soaps, shampoos, and other cosmetic products as a fragrance (Khalil et al., 2022).
  • Do phthalate cleaners work in contaminated sites?
  • In addition, scientific data related to phthalate degrading genes and related gene products are still not sufficient. Considering these challenges, it can be said that field application with potent microbial inoculants in contaminated sites as phthalate cleaners may not work effectively. We have to find out ways to overcome these barriers.
  • What are phthalates (Paes)?
  • Phthalates (PAEs) are the di-alkyl or di-alkyl-aryl esters of phthalic acid (PA), the main precursor of phthalate. Phthalic acid consists of two carboxylic groups at the ortho position of a benzene ring. Commonly in the generic formula of phthalate, there are linear or branched side chains of alkyl groups having 1–28 carbon atoms.
  • Are bacterial isolates able to remove phthalate completely?
  • Nonetheless, the major driving force (s) behind such phenomenon needs to be identified. Some bacterial isolates are capable of removing phthalate completely only when applied in consortia. Adaptability, survivability, and retentivity of maximum degradation potency of in vitro cultured isolates in an open environment is another big challenge.
  • How can phthalate be biodegradable?
  • For this reason, additional supplementations of co-substrates such as acetate, glucose, or yeast extract are added to the media to accelerate bacterial growth and enhance phthalate biodegradability (Ahuactzin-Pérez et al., 2018; Gao and Wen, 2016; Li et al., 2019; Ren et al., 2016).