Low volatile plasticizer.
Phthalic acid esters two, also known as phthalates, abbreviated PAEs, is referred to as the formation of the adjacent benzene two formic acid ester. (in short, one of the plasticizers), when used as plastic plasticizers, generally refers to esters of phthalic acid and 4~15 carbon alcohols.
Plasticizers: Synthesis of phthalate esters via FeCl3
Phthalates are esters of phthalic anhydride. Phthalic anhydride (1) has been reacted with alcohols 2 to synthesize phthalate monoesters 3 and diesters 4 with the favor of latter compound that primarily used as plasticizers worldwide. This two-steps process operates in single pot, in the presence of 10 mol% of FeCl 3 as a catalyst.
Plasticizers' plasticizing mechanism - ZhangJia Gang YaRui
According to chemical structure, plasticizers can be divided into two types, namely, phthalic acid esters, aliphatic two esters, petroleum sulfonic phenyl esters, phosphate esters, polyester, epoxides, and chlorinated compounds. This classification method has certain significance for the production of plasticizer.
PHTHALIC ACIDS AND OTHER BENZENEPOLYCARBOXYLIC ACIDS
Phthalic anhydride(1)is the commercial form of phthalic acid(2). The worldwide production capacity for the anhydride was ca 3.5×106metric tons in 1993, and it was used in the manufacture of...
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Main plasticizers of phthalic acid two formic acid esters O-phthalic acid esters main plasticizer is the most widely used main plasticizer at present. It has many varieties, high yield, and has the characteristics of light color, low toxicity, good electrical properties, small volatile parts, less odor and low temperature resistance.
- What is plasticizer phthalate?
- Plasticizer phthalate is a pollutant. Its teratogenic or carcinogenic effects on human. Phytotoxic effects of phthalate and its transmission through food chain. Abatement of phthalate via bioremediation. Microbe-mediated soil-phthalate bioaugmentation approaches.
- Is phthalic acid a benzene ring?
- Phthalic acid consists of two carboxylic groups at the ortho position of a benzene ring. Commonly in the generic formula of phthalate, there are linear or branched side chains of alkyl groups having 1–28 carbon atoms. PAEs were first introduced in the 1920s as pest repellents and used to be infused with Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) brushes.
- How many esterification reactions lead to conversion of di-alkyl phthalates to phthalic acids?
- Two consecutive esterification reactions lead to the conversion of di-alkyl phthalates to phthalic acids.
- Which enzyme converts di-alkyl phthalate into phthalic acid?
- In the first reaction, the enzyme di-alkyl phthalate hydrolase converts the di-alkyl phthalates to their monoalkyl ester forms (hydrolyzation step I) which is then converted into phthalic acid (PA) by the activity of the enzyme monoalkyl phthalate hydrolase (hydrolyzation step II) (Fan et al., 2018; Tang et al., 2016; Wu et al., 2010a).
- How many binding residues are present in phthalate hydrolase mphg?
- Molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation analysis has revealed the occurrence of three binding residues viz. R173, R126 & F54 and a catalytic triad S125– H291-D259 in the active site of the enzyme phthalate hydrolase MphG.
- Does phthaloyl CoA decarboxylase play a role in phthalic acid degradation?
- The oxygen-sensitive enzyme PCD was also found in the denitrifying bacteria Thauera chlorobenzoica 3CB-1 when it was allowed to grow in 5 mM phthalic acid under anoxic conditions (Ebenau-Jehle et al., 2016). Thus, in an anoxic environment, the function of the enzyme phthaloyl CoA decarboxylase becomes crucial in phthalic acid degradation.
