Urinary Concentrations of Major Phthalate and Alternative
Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), one of the most extensively used phthalates, has been rapidly ... Exposure profiles and risks of phthalates and alternative plasticizers were assessed for the first time among children of Saudi Arabia, Indonesia, and Thailand.
Urinary Concentrations of Major Phthalate and Alternative
Urinary Concentrations of Major Phthalate and Alternative Plasticizer Metabolites in Children of Thailand, Indonesia, and Saudi Arabia, and Associated Risks Urinary Concentrations of Major Phthalate and Alternative Plasticizer Metabolites in Children of Thailand, Indonesia, and Saudi Arabia, and Associated Risks
Plasticizer, di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP) enhances
Plasticizer, di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP) is one of the commonest environmental pollutants due to its association with plastic products. DEHP gets released from plastic products easily leading to respiratory exposure in humans. As a consequence, DEHP is associated with allergic asthma in humans and animals.
Analytical methods for the determination of DEHP plasticizer
It was also successfully used by Rothenbacher et al. [50] to determine if a rapid screening test for plasticizers (like DEHP, DINP, or DINCH) in PVC materials can be developed using direct analysis in real time mass spectrometry (DART-MS). An open interface would allow the direct insertion of solid specimens, such as samples of medical devices.
REACH Phthalates Regulations Amended to Apply to All
0.1%. Details of the amendments to REACH Annex XVII are as follows: The number of restricted phthalates increased from three (DEHP, DBP, and BBP) to four with the inclusion of DIBP; The limit of all four restricted phthalates is 0.1% by weight (individually or in combination) of the plasticized material; The scope of product types containing
- Is DEHP a good plasticizer?
- As a most widely used plasticizer, DEHP is mainly applied in PVC floors and wallpapers worldwide, leading to its high dust concentration . Besides, DEHP is positively correlated with DiNP in indoor dust (p < 0.01), suggesting a common source of them (Fig. S1).
- What is the hazard index of plasticizers in Indonesian children?
- Urinary DEHP metabolite concentrations were the highest in the Indonesian children. The hazard index (HI) derived for the plasticizers with antiandrogenicity based reference doses (RfD AA) was >1 in 86%, 80%, and 49% of the Saudi, Indonesian, and Thai children, respectively.
- Are alternative plasticizers a health based human biomonitoring (HBM-I)?
- Among alternative plasticizers, urinary DEHTP metabolites were detected at levels comparable to those of DEHP metabolites or higher among the Saudi children, and about 4% of the Saudi children exceeded the health based human biomonitoring (HBM)-I value.
- Are plastic products containing a large amount of DEHP a health risk?
- The large consumption of plastic products containing a large amount of DEHP in Saudi Arabia poses a certain health risk of DEHP in indoor dust . In addition, some European countries are the main producers and consumers of DEHP , , , posing a potential non-carcinogenic risk of DEHP in indoor dust.
- What is the hazard index for plasticizers with antiandrogenicity based reference doses?
- The hazard index (HI) derived for the plasticizers with antiandrogenicity based reference doses (RfD AA) was >1 in 86%, 80%, and 49% of the Saudi, Indonesian, and Thai children, respectively. DEHP was identified as a common major risk driver for the children of all three countries, followed by DnBP and DiBP depending on the country.
- How are phthalates and alternative plasticizers metabolites measured?
- Metabolites of major phthalates and alternative plasticizers were measured in the urine samples by HPLC-MS/MS. Urinary metabolite levels differed substantially between the three countries.
