The Effects of Plasticizers Containing Amide Groups on the Properties
In order to decrease the retrogradation rate and limiting the structural changes, using of plasticizers which containing amide groups such as formamide, acetamide and urea has been suggested [13, 18].
The Effects of Plasticizers Containing Amide Groups on the Properties
Several amide groups-containing plasticizers for thermoplastic starch (TPS), such as formamide, acetamide, and urea, were studied in this paper with glycerol as reference. The hydrogen bond interaction between starch and plasticizers in TPS was tested by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy.
Role of Slow-Release Nanocomposite Fertilizers on Nitrogen and
The effects of plasticizers containing amide groups on the properties of thermoplastic starch. Starch 56 , 545–551 (2004). Article CAS Google Scholar
Effect of thermal characteristics of different plasticisers for PVOH
For soil burial exposure, films were buried and weight loss for before and after two weeks were followed; the samples were exposed to soil burial tests on Malaysian soil with humidity not less than 70%. Degradation stage of the film was followed via their weight loss.
The Effects of Different Plasticizers on the Properties
Fourier Transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy revealed that both plasticizers and Na + could form the interaction with starch, and plasticizers containing amide groups had stronger hydrogen bond-forming abilities with starch than polyols. These interactions prevented starch molecules from crystallizing again, indicated by X-ray diffraction (XRD).
- Can urea be used as a starch plasticizer?
- The retrogradation process can be prevented by introducing compounds containing amide groups in the structure into the plasticization system which can form more stable hydrogen bonds with starch than glycerol can. A compound which contains amide groups and can be used as starch plasticizer is urea [12, 14].
- Which compound can be used as starch plasticizer?
- A compound which contains amide groups and can be used as starch plasticizer is urea [12, 14]. There are many publications describing studies of starch plasticization process by glycerol and urea, but only a few have focused on the starch plasticization with a mixture of these compounds.
- How does urea affect starch plasticization process?
- This confirms the beneficial effect of urea on starch plasticization process and the intensification of the hydrogen bonds formation between molecules. Using a viscometric detector, the intrinsic viscosity and the Mark-Houwink parameters can be determined and hence, the structure of examined polymer molecules can be specified.
- How to extrude a mixture of starch and plasticizers?
- The mixture of starch and plasticizers was then extruded using a co-rotating twin-screw extruder from LABTECH Engineering with L:D = 48:1 parameters and screw diameter of 20 mm, in temperature range of 70–115 °C and screw speeds in the range of 90–120 rpm.
- What happens if urea is present in a plasticizing system?
- It has been shown that the presence of urea in an amount of 15–25% in a plasticizing system leads to the complete destruction of the starch crystalline structure and causes formation of the amorphous phase and ensures the stable structure of TPS under conditions of 50% RH and 25 °C for at least 30 days.
- How does urea affect the molecular weight of TPS granules?
- Furthermore, the molecular weight of TPS granules increases with the increasing content of urea in a starch plasticizing system, wherein in a composition containing 25% of urea it is more than double increase of the molecular weight as compared to other TPS composition with glycerol and urea.
