Phthalate and novel plasticizer concentrations in food items
Given the limited toxicity data on replacement plasticizers, we queried high-throughput screening data from the U.S. EPA ToxCast Program for additional toxicity information for DEHT, DEHA, and DINCH .
A review of common non-ortho-phthalate plasticizers for use
Available assessments from US CPSC, EFSA, other governmental and non-governmental organizations, and published toxicology studies were used to show that these plasticizers are generally well-studied and demonstrate low toxicity with a focus on potential carcinogenicity, reproductive, developmental, and endocrine related adverse effects as well
A review of common non-ortho-phthalate plasticizers for use
Plasticizers reviewed in this paper were selected from non-ortho-phthalate plasticizers reported in a study by FDA staff (Carlos et al., 2018), from the relevant information in the List of Available Datasets from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA, 2025a), and from European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) Journal evaluations published over
Phthalates - A family of plasticizers, their health risks
The review critically emphasizes the various aspects of phthalates toxicity, including their chemical nature, human health risks, phytoaccumulation and entry into the food chain, microbial role in phthalate degradation processes, and future challenges.
An update on the hazard of and exposure to diethyl hexyl
Taking all data on migration and toxicity in consideration, 1,2-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid, diisononylester (DINCH), and tris (2-ethylhexyl)benzene-1,2,4-tricarboxylate display a more favorable profile compared to DEHP. For these promising alternatives, a risk assessment for use in medical devices should be conducted.
- Are plastics being used by Bangladeshi people without knowing the toxic effects?
- Plastics are being used by Bangladeshi people without knowing the toxic effects of plastic on human health and environment.
- Is phthalate harmful to humans?
- Research on the health of humans has connected phthalate exposure to several harmful effects, such as metabolic disruption, endocrine disruption, reproductive toxicity, and developmental problems are also illustrated here.
- Are phthalate plasticizers toxic?
- For DBA, COMGHA, DOS and DBS no hazard was identified due to the extremely low toxicities measured. Almost all alternative non-phthalate plasticizers have a lower toxic potential than DEHP. However, compared to other phthalate plasticizers like DINP, DIDP and DPHP, the results were not so clear.
- Are phthalate esters harmful to humans?
- Several phthalate esters have been shown to cause negative health effects to animals (Foster et al., 2001, Higuchi et al., 2003, Li et al., 1998). Regarding humans, several studies have shown indications for effects.
- Why is phthalate exposure so high?
- Thus the potential for phthalate exposure and harm to humans, animals, and the environment is high because its presence is alarming. Phthalates can be ingested, inhaled, absorbed topically, or via iatrogenic exposure in animals and humans.
- How can phthalates be used in human biomonitoring studies?
- Post existence of phthalates Human fluids, such as blood (and components), urine, saliva, and expired air, can be used in human biomonitoring studies to measure the amounts of phthalate compounds, their metabolites, and their reaction products. This allows for the assessment of plasticizer exposure.
