Phthalate and novel plasticizer concentrations in food items
Given the limited toxicity data on replacement plasticizers, we queried high-throughput screening data from the U.S. EPA ToxCast Program for additional toxicity information for DEHT, DEHA, and DINCH .
A review of common non-ortho-phthalate plasticizers for use in food
Several non-ortho phthalate plasticizers, including ATBC, DEHA, DINCH, DOTP, and ESBO, are currently used in flexible PVC applications for food packaging and processing. The aim of this review is to summarize the available toxicity, migration, and human biomonitoring data.
Phthalates - ECHA - Europa
Phthalates form a family of synthetic chemicals with a wide variety of uses, ranging from consumer to industrial products. There are different kind of phthalates and they are commonly used as softeners to make plastics, such as PVC, more flexible and durable. Due to their wide use, phthalates can be found almost everywhere in our environment
A review of common non-ortho-phthalate plasticizers for use in food
A brief summary of the available toxicological assessments for these six plasticizers follows in this section and will focus on available data for carcinogenic, mutagenic, and reproductive and development (CMR) effects, potential endocrine disruption concerns, and any hazards for the environment.
An update on the hazard of and exposure to diethyl hexyl phthalate
Taking all data on migration and toxicity in consideration, 1,2-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid, diisononylester (DINCH), and tris (2-ethylhexyl)benzene-1,2,4-tricarboxylate display a more favorable profile compared to DEHP. For these promising alternatives, a risk assessment for use in medical devices should be conducted.
- Is phthalate harmful to humans?
- Research on the health of humans has connected phthalate exposure to several harmful effects, such as metabolic disruption, endocrine disruption, reproductive toxicity, and developmental problems are also illustrated here.
- Are phthalate plasticizers toxic?
- For DBA, COMGHA, DOS and DBS no hazard was identified due to the extremely low toxicities measured. Almost all alternative non-phthalate plasticizers have a lower toxic potential than DEHP. However, compared to other phthalate plasticizers like DINP, DIDP and DPHP, the results were not so clear.
- Are phthalate esters harmful to humans?
- Several phthalate esters have been shown to cause negative health effects to animals (Foster et al., 2001, Higuchi et al., 2003, Li et al., 1998). Regarding humans, several studies have shown indications for effects.
- How are humans exposed to phthalates?
- The most common ways in which humans are exposed to phthalates are through ingestion, intravenous contact, inhalation and dermal contact ; however, the predominant exposure routes differ among the various phthalates. The ingestion of contaminated foodstuffs is a leading source of exposure to phthalates .
- Why is phthalate exposure so high?
- Thus the potential for phthalate exposure and harm to humans, animals, and the environment is high because its presence is alarming. Phthalates can be ingested, inhaled, absorbed topically, or via iatrogenic exposure in animals and humans.
- Are emerging/alternative plasticizers harmful?
- Various emerging/alternative plasticizers entered the market following the ban on several phthalate plasticizers because of their harmful effects. However, there are limited data (especially peer-reviewed) on emerging plasticizers’ toxicity and environmental impact.
